The Historical Works, of humans in the
Australian continent, Part Two:
In the late 1870s, a racially Irish bank robber and bushranger Ned Kelly, robbed 2 banks. Since he stole off banks owned by rich people, many Australians, more so racially Irish ones, viewed him as a hero. He fought the police with armour and got defeated and caught. He would be executed in 1880.
In 1882, England’s cricket team lost against an Australian cricket team in England. This began the ashes, where a cricket team made up of Australians and England’s cricket team, would do a cricket game agianist each other, every 2 years.
In 1884, the British Empire, that Anglo-Australians identified with, started to conquer a large amount of Africa, off African tribes and nations. This included Egypt, which became a puppet nation, in the form Britain getting some control over it.
In 1888, Australia would have its first celebrity, introduced to the world. Opera singer Nelly Melba, that would perform around the world.
In the 1880s, the idea of an Australian nation, to be a under a democratic government and a puppet nation of imperial Britain. If so, Britain would have to give much of its political power, over the colonies, to form the Australian nation. This idea was started by Sir Henry Parks, who was premier of New South Wales from 1880-1896. He also claimed the former protests against the British government, for sending convicts to Australia, was done in service for Australia.
By the 1890s, rabbits, which population had been released into the wild and grown through breeding, had spread across eastern Australia. Rabbits would be targets for Australian hunters. The rabbits would eat plants, eaten by Australian marsupials, which would be bad for the marsupials.
Also by the 1890s, one sport that became a part of Australian sub-culture or culture, was Australian rules football. It originated in Victoria, but was unpopular in many parts of Australia, including Sydney. It was a game played on a field, made up of 2 teams. In which the teams try to get points by a sending a football through the goal post and getting points. The team with the most points wins. The game involved throws and kicks, but mostly kicks.
Even though there was an Australian sub-culture or culture, embraced by the Australian colonists. Racially Irish colonists still embraced Irish culture and the Anglo colonist still embraced British culture.
Also by the 1890s, there was a poet named Andrew Barton Peterson, nicknamed Banjo Paterson, who wrote famous poems for Australia. He would go on to write more famous poems in the 1890s, including the poem waltzing Matilda. His poems would be a part of Australian sub-culture.
In the 1890s, Australia would have a depression of, which is basically a heavy decrease in the economy. From 1892-1893, the Australian colonies would lose 17% of it’s GDP(yearly income of the people). However, the depression would go on into the late 1890s.
In 1895, there was a referendum to choose an Australian nation. The public voted no.
In 1899, the British colony of South Africa was invaded, by the Boer, nations, which were of Dutch race and not the Anglo race. This war was called the 2nd Boer war. British Empire forces would start fighting back. Then the Australian colonies would send their colonial militias, to help Britain.
In 1899, Australia would have another vote, on for the Australian to exist. This time Australia was made Australia into a nation. It would be under a democratic government. There would be a sense of national unity for Australia, but no pride. It would be under Imperial British rule with these 2 rules:
The Australian government worked like this:
The federation [name of Australia becoming a nation], would also include making it much harder for non-white people to come to Australia. A rule called the white Australia policy, meant mainly to make sure, Australia stayed racially white. A policy that would include, making it harder for non-white people from the pacific islands, to be tricked into slave labour, in the Australian region of Queensland.
In federation, the colonies such as Victoria and New South Wales, would be re-named from colonies to states.
Australia was also sent to have a flag, based in part around both the British flag and flag of the Eureka stockade. This was the flag:
In 1882, England’s cricket team lost against an Australian cricket team in England. This began the ashes, where a cricket team made up of Australians and England’s cricket team, would do a cricket game agianist each other, every 2 years.
In 1884, the British Empire, that Anglo-Australians identified with, started to conquer a large amount of Africa, off African tribes and nations. This included Egypt, which became a puppet nation, in the form Britain getting some control over it.
In 1888, Australia would have its first celebrity, introduced to the world. Opera singer Nelly Melba, that would perform around the world.
In the 1880s, the idea of an Australian nation, to be a under a democratic government and a puppet nation of imperial Britain. If so, Britain would have to give much of its political power, over the colonies, to form the Australian nation. This idea was started by Sir Henry Parks, who was premier of New South Wales from 1880-1896. He also claimed the former protests against the British government, for sending convicts to Australia, was done in service for Australia.
By the 1890s, rabbits, which population had been released into the wild and grown through breeding, had spread across eastern Australia. Rabbits would be targets for Australian hunters. The rabbits would eat plants, eaten by Australian marsupials, which would be bad for the marsupials.
Also by the 1890s, one sport that became a part of Australian sub-culture or culture, was Australian rules football. It originated in Victoria, but was unpopular in many parts of Australia, including Sydney. It was a game played on a field, made up of 2 teams. In which the teams try to get points by a sending a football through the goal post and getting points. The team with the most points wins. The game involved throws and kicks, but mostly kicks.
Even though there was an Australian sub-culture or culture, embraced by the Australian colonists. Racially Irish colonists still embraced Irish culture and the Anglo colonist still embraced British culture.
Also by the 1890s, there was a poet named Andrew Barton Peterson, nicknamed Banjo Paterson, who wrote famous poems for Australia. He would go on to write more famous poems in the 1890s, including the poem waltzing Matilda. His poems would be a part of Australian sub-culture.
In the 1890s, Australia would have a depression of, which is basically a heavy decrease in the economy. From 1892-1893, the Australian colonies would lose 17% of it’s GDP(yearly income of the people). However, the depression would go on into the late 1890s.
In 1895, there was a referendum to choose an Australian nation. The public voted no.
In 1899, the British colony of South Africa was invaded, by the Boer, nations, which were of Dutch race and not the Anglo race. This war was called the 2nd Boer war. British Empire forces would start fighting back. Then the Australian colonies would send their colonial militias, to help Britain.
In 1899, Australia would have another vote, on for the Australian to exist. This time Australia was made Australia into a nation. It would be under a democratic government. There would be a sense of national unity for Australia, but no pride. It would be under Imperial British rule with these 2 rules:
- Britain could disapprove laws made by the Australian government
- Court issues could be settled in the supreme British court.
The Australian government worked like this:
- The cabinet or minster cabinet with many minsters, with the prime minster being the most powerful minster, who could purpose law ideas
- The laws would be purposed, to the lower house, which could be approved by members, of parliament. More than half, of them need to approve the law idea
- If the lower house approved it, it would be sent to the senate, or upper house, which would need to be approved by more than half of the senators
- If approved would be sent to the governor general, who basically had to approve it, which would make it a law.
- The governor general was the representative of the British king, or Queen. However, not exactly Britain itself
- Besides the governor general, who was chosen by the British King or Queen. They would all be elected, by the Australian people, in national elections, which was generally every 2-3 years. However, non-white people and females couldn’t vote in national elections
- The members of the lower house and minsters, were elected as one, through a political party, that won a election, through getting the most lower house members elected.
- The lower house members of the political party could vote remove on the prime minster. If they were from the prime minsters political party
The federation [name of Australia becoming a nation], would also include making it much harder for non-white people to come to Australia. A rule called the white Australia policy, meant mainly to make sure, Australia stayed racially white. A policy that would include, making it harder for non-white people from the pacific islands, to be tricked into slave labour, in the Australian region of Queensland.
In federation, the colonies such as Victoria and New South Wales, would be re-named from colonies to states.
Australia was also sent to have a flag, based in part around both the British flag and flag of the Eureka stockade. This was the flag:
In the 2nd Boer war, in 1900, British forces, with the extra help of Australian militia forces, would start, to beat the Boer nations back and then try to conquer the Boer nations, in part for the gold in the Boer nations. In captured territory, there were Boer rebellions, which would become a part of the 2nd Boer war. These rebels usually committed raids, to try defeating Australia militia and British forces.
In the 2nd Boer war, the British Empire would soon start to get Boer civilians, to camps to make sure they didn’t also rebel. The conditions were so bad, many of them died of disease and hunger. However, in war, civilian kills and or warcrimes by their side, are usually kept hidden, from the general public, by newspapers and so forth.
By 1901, some Australians had volunteered to be soldiers, just for the 2nd Boer war.
In January the 1st of 1901, Federation would be installed, and Australia became a country, with Melbourne as its capital city. Here is a map:
In the 2nd Boer war, the British Empire would soon start to get Boer civilians, to camps to make sure they didn’t also rebel. The conditions were so bad, many of them died of disease and hunger. However, in war, civilian kills and or warcrimes by their side, are usually kept hidden, from the general public, by newspapers and so forth.
By 1901, some Australians had volunteered to be soldiers, just for the 2nd Boer war.
In January the 1st of 1901, Federation would be installed, and Australia became a country, with Melbourne as its capital city. Here is a map: